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The Ethiopian left was deeply divided by the ascent to power of the Derg in 1974. Divisions that had begun in the student movement in the diaspora were exacerbated when abstract political lines became questions of life and death in the unfolding of real world events in real time. Readers of this blog will probably recognize my general sympathies for the EPRP against the military government; but my research teaches me it’s important to present contrasting views to give a clear picture of the time.
And so I am pleased to present this leaflet, published here for the first time in English, issued in West Berlin in late 1976, by the Ethiopian Student Union in Berlin, a member of the Ethiopian Student Union in Europe. Unlike ESUNA, the similar organization of radical Ethiopian students in the United States, ESUE was dominated by supporters of the All Ethiopian Socialist Movement, or Meison.
Until the summer of 1977 Meison were not only supporters of the Derg, they were important members of its ministries and government. When the Derg declared the EPRP its enemy number one in the summer of 1976, supporters of the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Party blamed Meison for backing, indeed for instigating, the Derg's repression against the EPRP. After the EPRP responded to the Derg assault by attempting to assassinate Major Mengistu Haile Mariam, they proceeded to target for assassination members of Meison who were providing information about EPRP activists to government death squads. The first successful assassination by EPRP urban guerrillas was a Meison leader, Fikre Merid, a veteran of the student movement in Europe.
This leaflet was issued in response to that action. I republish it here without endorsing its extreme, and as near as I can tell, largely fantastic, claims against the EPRP. I post it without endorsing the assassination of Fikre Merid either. But this flyer stands as vivid testimony to the heated passions and often violent sectarianism of the moment. Equating the leftist EPRP with the rightist Ethiopian Democratic Union and the imperialist CIA was pretty standard Derg slander for the time. It’s worth noting that at this time the Ethiopian government itself was actually still being armed by the United States. This blog has previously discussed the circumstances around the elimination of Sisay Habte, cited herein as background.
This leaflet and many other fascinating documents from the Ethiopian Student Movement in exile in Germany in the 1970s can be found at the Mao-Projekt Archive (http://www.mao-projekt.de/INT/AF/Aethiopien.shtml) I'm exceedingly grateful to Eric Burton at the University of Vienna for the translation from the original German. Some slight editing done by me. Following is the translated original text.—ISH
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The EPRP, EDU Gang of Terrorists:
With the CIA Against the Ethiopian Revolution
Roughly two weeks ago a
leading personality of the Ethiopian revolution and a spearhead of
the Ethiopian proletariat, Comrade Fikre Merid, was murdered in cold
blood and infamy in broad daylight by the fascist groups of thugs
of the so-called EPRP. Thereafter a wave of assassinations targeting
revolutionary fighters and workers’ leaders set in.
These infamous actions
represent the desperate attempt of the social-fascist EPRP to break
off the spearhead of the revolutionary movement of the Ethiopian
masses and thus put an end to it.
The background to these fascist
assaults against workers’ leaders and other leading revolutionary
personalities was the successful abatement of the right-wing
military’s and EPRP’s fascist coup attempt in collaboration with
the CIA. The attempted coup had the objective to undo the land
reform, smash the peasant associations and bring about the disarming
of the peasantry, the liquidation of the Marxist-Leninist movement;
the smashing of progressive institutions established in the course of
the revolution like the political bureau for the Organisation of the
People [POMOA—ish], the Marxist-Leninist cadre school, etc.
Tellingly, ultra-right and
chauvinist officers like Major Sisay Habte and General Getachew were
involved in the EPRP conspiracy. The leaders of this coup attempt had
been shot on the spot by their own soldiers; while the roaming EPRP
army of bandits, which had been supposed to initiate an uprising in
the capital, was denounced on its way there by peasant associations.
The weapons, documents and amounts of dollars which were secured in
this context are perfect evidence that the CIA was behind this conspiracy.
This fact has exposed EPRP which likes
to pose as progressive. This is visible in the fact that during the
demonstration of September 12, where at the same time the death of
Chairman Mao Zedong and the second anniversary of Emperor Haile
Selassie’s downfall was celebrated, 250.000 people demonstrated
under the flag of Marxist-Leninist organization, the All-Ethiopian
Socialist Movement. They unanimously condemned EPRP’s fascist and
counter-revolutionary schemes.
In light of this fact, EPRP
reaches for the most obscene means against Ethiopia’s progressive
forces. But it will be in vain. Maybe EPRP will succeed in murdering
individual fighters, but it cannot stop the revolution, as the broad
masses are the motor of history. May the EPRP meddle with
the CIA, instigate coup attempts, burn Marxist books — it marches toward a miserable end.
We will convert our grief
about the murdered comrades into revolutionary hate, even more so are
we determined to fight energetically and alertly against the enemies
of the Ethiopian peoples until the final victory.
DOWN WITH THE FASCIST
COUNTERREVOLUTIONARIES!
THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT OF THE
MURDERED LEADERS WILL LIVE ON!
THE ETHIOPIAN REVOLUTION WILL PREVAIL!
FORWARD WITH M’E-I-SUN!
Ä.S.U. Berlin
(end of original text; flyer is undated but the assassination of Fikre Merid took place in late September 1976)
